• Users Online: 398
  • Print this page
  • Email this page
REVIEW ARTICLE
Year : 2019  |  Volume : 6  |  Issue : 2  |  Page : 37-48

Size, site, and signaling: Three attributes of estrogen receptors


1 Primate Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2 Structural Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Geetanjali Sachdeva
Primate Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai - 400 012, Maharashtra
India
Login to access the Email id

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/BMRJ.BMRJ_24_19

Rights and Permissions

Estrogens are implicated in a diverse range of functions varying from reproduction, circulation, skeletal health to neuroprotection. Estrogens are also being increasingly recognized for their pathological contribution to cancers of various organs. This has spurred several investigations on estrogen-initiated signaling mechanisms in various cell types in physiological and pathological conditions. Estrogens exert their biological actions through a class of conventional nuclear receptors known as estrogen receptors (ERs), majorly of two subtypes – ERα and ERβ, both encoded by different genes, and each has multiple isoforms. It is reported that different ER subtypes and their specific isoforms have overlapping and nonoverlapping functions. Moreover, ER functions are highly cell-context specific. Thus, it is difficult to propose a unified scheme for estrogen signaling. Another layer of complexity is added by diverse subcellular localization, i.e., nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytosol, of ERs in estrogen-responsive tissues. Size as well as site dictates the sequence of cellular events triggered by estrogen signaling. This review compiles the existing information on different subtypes, different isoforms, and different sites of subcellular localization of ERs.


[FULL TEXT] [PDF]*
Print this article     Email this article
 Next article
 Previous article
 Table of Contents

 Similar in PUBMED
   Search Pubmed for
   Search in Google Scholar for
 Related articles
 Citation Manager
 Access Statistics
 Reader Comments
 Email Alert *
 Add to My List *
 * Requires registration (Free)
 

 Article Access Statistics
    Viewed10946    
    Printed625    
    Emailed0    
    PDF Downloaded856    
    Comments [Add]    
    Cited by others 2    

Recommend this journal